Coneixement i ús dels verificadors de fets: una eina per a la regeneració de l’autoritat periodística en un entorn polaritzat?
Resum
El principi d’autoritat en el periodisme s’articula al voltant de conceptes centrals com objectivitat, verificació i distància/neutralitat (Schudson, 1978; Kovach i Rosenstiel, 2007; Deuze, 2005). En el nou ordre de desinformació en el qual es qüestiona l’autoritat del periodisme, la verificació de dades (en anglès, fact-checkers) es presenta com un possible antídot (Walter et al., 2020). Aquest estudi presenta resultats sobre les percepcions dels ciutadans sobre l’autoritat periodística i el paper i coneixement general sobre els verificadors. Basats en una enquesta nacional (n = 1001) representativa del conjunt de la població, les nostres troballes mostren que el 50,5% dels enquestats manifesten desconèixer què són els verificadors de fets i el 15,2% saben què són però reconeixen no fer-los servir mai. Només el 4,1% els utilitza de manera habitual. Les nostres dades apunten cap a una troballa rellevant: en un sistema de mitjans altament polaritzat com l’espanyol, els verificadors de fets difícilment poden combatre eficaçment la propagació de la desinformació. El seu paper s’ha d’articular en el marc d’una estratègia de lluita contra la desinformació més àmplia que condueixi a una recuperació de la confiança en el periodisme.
Paraules clau
verificadors, percepcions, desinformació, enquestaReferències
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Drets d'autor (c) 2022 Ester Almenar, David Puertas Graell, Carlos Ruiz Caballero, Jaume Suau, Pere Masip
Aquesta obra està sota una llicència internacional Creative Commons Reconeixement 3.0.
