Analysing femonationalist discourses in campaign spots

Javier Antón-Merino; Sandra García-Santamaría

doi:10.5565/rev/analisi.3934

Anàlisi de discursos feminacionalistes en anuncis de campanya

Autors/ores

Javier Antón-Merino Universidad de Burgos https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7915-1121
Sandra García-Santamaría Universidad de Burgos https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5282-2979

Resum

El present article estudia com els partits polítics de dreta radical populista han desplegat estratègies de feminacionalisme a Espanya en diverses campanyes electorals. Aquestes estratègies instrumentalitzen la igualtat de gènere i els drets de les dones per legitimar agendes nativistes i excloents. A partir d’una anàlisi qualitativa de vídeos de campanya electoral produïts per Plataforma per Catalunya i Vox, entre 2011 i 2025, l’estudi mostra com les dones són representades simultàniament com a encarnació de la nació i frontera simbòlica: apareixen retratades, d’una banda, com a portadores passives de valors «occidentals» amenaçats per «altres» racialitzats i, de l’altra, excepcionalment, com a subjectes polítics actius. La igualtat de gènere és considerada un assoliment ja aconseguit i no un projecte emancipatori, la qual cosa permet construir una frontera cultural d’exclusió en nom dels valors democràtics. Els vídeos racialitzen el sexisme i projecten la misogínia i la violència de gènere en poblacions migrants, la qual cosa desvia l’atenció de les desigualtats estructurals, normalitza la inacció política domèstica i facilita la formulació de demandes polítiques xenòfobes. Aquestes narratives es reforcen mitjançant processos de construcció de la inseguretat i el pànic moral, incloent-hi la creació d’enemics externs, la inversió de víctima- perpetrador i la representació dels partits tradicionals com a còmplices, la qual cosa posiciona els partits de dreta radical populista com l’únic actor polític capaç de protegir els valors «occidentals». Es conclou amb la necessitat d’ampliar aquesta línia de recerca més enllà del material audiovisual incorporant altres materials de campanya i contextos comparats.

Paraules clau

feminacionalisme, anunci, dreta radical populista, campanya electoral, igualtat de gènere

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Biografies de l'autor/a

Javier Antón-Merino, Universidad de Burgos

Javier Antón Merino is lecturer of Political Science and Administration in the Department of Private Law at the University of Burgos. He is a member of the POLCOM research group at the same university. He also holds a degree in Political Science and Administration with a specialisation in Political Analysis from the Complutense University of Madrid, a Master's degree in Democracy and Government with a specialisation in Comparative Politics from the Autonomous University of Madrid and a PhD from the PhD programme in Law, Government and Public Policy from the Autonomous University of Madrid. He has been a visiting researcher at the University of Edinburgh and at the Universidad Domingo Savio de Potosí. His research interests are related to nationalism, devolution, territorial politics, and electoral behaviour.

Sandra García-Santamaría, Universidad de Burgos

Sandra García-Santamaría holds a PhD in Political Science from the University of Burgos. Since 2020, she has been a lecturer at the University of Burgos, where she combines teaching with research within the POLCOM Research Group, the CRIPOL teaching innovation group, and the AECPA Standing Group on Gender and Politics. Her current main research interests include gender and political motivations, political representation, the instrumentalisation of feminism, the gendering of politics, and electoral behaviour.