From irony to despair: An “organic” model of resistance strategies in the era of surveillance and big data

Jaseff Raziel Yauri Miranda; Dafne Calvo; Maria Iranzo-Cabrera

doi:10.5565/rev/analisi.3814

De la ironia a la desesperació: un model «orgànic» d’estratègies de resistència en l’era de la vigilància i el big data

Autors/ores

Jaseff Raziel Yauri Miranda Erasmus University Rotterdam https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1419-0525
Dafne Calvo Universitat de València https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0659-6792
Maria Iranzo-Cabrera Universitat de València https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6237-6041

Resum

La resistència és nodal, interseccional i opera com una multitud. En l’era de la vigilància i el big data, el nostre objectiu és comprendre les estratègies i tàctiques de resistència més enllà dels actors que les duen a terme. Proposem un model per interpretar els enfocaments de la resistència, les asimetries de poder entre els diferents actors i la incorporació de respostes de justícia social. El model planteja quatre estratègies principals: a) irònica, basada en la comunicació i l’estètica; b) deliberativa, construïda sobre la cooperació; c) agonística, arrelada en la confrontació; i d) desesperada, basada en el conflicte obert i directe, provocat pel descontentament d’una multitud que actua com a actor unificat. Aquest model avança des de les reflexions i iniciatives individuals a favor dels valors democràtics fins a la reivindicació col·lectiva —i a vegades violenta— d’un nou ordre social. Existeixen dues escales en les quals pot operar aquest poder de resistència: el nivell micro-macro en les polítiques i el nivell excepcional-generatiu de canvi social, la qual cosa permet vincular els estudis de vigilància a altres agendes socials. Els nostres resultats evidencien que les estratègies mostren un sentit orgànic i ecològic d’interdependència en lloc de servir-se de tàctiques aïllades. De fet, quan les quatre estratègies es maximitzen en un moment donat, es creen les condicions idònies per a una situació «perfecta» de resistència, capaç de produir canvis profunds en diversos ordres sociopolítics.

Paraules clau

resistència, estratègies, big data, vigilància, justícia de les dades, hacktivisme

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Biografia de l'autor/a

Jaseff Raziel Yauri Miranda, Erasmus University Rotterdam

Associate Professor at Erasmus University Rotterdam, Netherland, and Fellow Researcher at University of the Basque Country, Basque Country. He worked as a postdoc researcher at the University of Deusto, Libera Università Internazionale degli Studi Sociali (LUISS) Rome, and at the University of the Basque Country (UPV-EHU) where he completed a PhD in Society, Politics and Culture. He has a background in History and Political Science from the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil, and University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Spain. His research fields include accountability, governance, surveillance, and security policies in Europe and Latin America. He has obtained the Jean Pinatel Prize of Criminology in 2016 and has collaborated with international organizations, -such as the Harvard University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and the Surveillance Studies Centre, as well as with local initiatives involving social and artistic projects in several cities he has lived.