La arquitectura de lo engañoso: cómo los periodistas difunden información inexacta en las plataformas digitales
Resumen
A partir de una revisión semisistemática y de un análisis cualitativo de publicaciones en Facebook e Instagram entre noviembre de 2023 y marzo de 2025, el artículo identifica varias prácticas sutiles mediante las cuales los medios informativos engañan a las audiencias, aun cuando pueden anticipar razonablemente que estas estrategias confundirán a los usuarios habituales: 1) imágenes manipuladas digitalmente que fabrican o exageran amenazas; 2) fotografías auténticas pero descontextualizadas que invitan a asociaciones falsas; 3) combinaciones emocionales de titulares e imágenes en las que la información correctiva se relega a pies de foto extensos; y 4) titulares ambiguos u omisivos que dependen de implicaturas pragmáticas más que de falsedades explícitas. El análisis muestra que la desinformación periodística en redes sociales suele producirse a través de decisiones editoriales alineadas con las lógicas de visibilidad y compromiso de las plataformas. Comprender estas prácticas es clave para replantear la rendición de cuentas de los medios en entornos digitales donde la mayoría de los usuarios solo interactúan con titulares, miniaturas y textos breves, y no con los artículos completos.
Palabras clave
desinformación, información errónea, periodismo, redes sociales, comunicación visual, cebo de clics, prácticas editorialesCitas
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